Аннотация: The Super-brief Review of the article (and the book) on nonviolent protests and the Essay on poetic inspiration
The Super-brief Review of the article (and the book) on nonviolent protests and the Essay on poetic inspiration
Sergei Sergeyevich read the article by David Robson "3.5% Rule": how a small minority can change the world without violence". BBC Future. August 10, 2019 (https://www.bbc.com/russian/vert-fut-49292561).
Interesting article.
Mahatma Gandhi and Martin Luther king are mentioned.
Of course, it is possible not to mention about Leo Tolstoy, - all know him.
But if who does not know, then Mahatma Gandhi "called the great Russian writer the mentor and the teacher" (A.V. Vladimirsky "Great Gandhi. Righteous person of the power").
"... the researcher showed: for serious political changes it is enough that about 3.5% of the population actively participated in the protests".
Who this researcher?
Book "The Strategic Logic of Nonviolent Conflict" (by Erica Chenoweth and Maria J. Stephan). Columbia University Press. 2011. (https://cup.columbia.edu/book/why-civil-resistance-works/9780231156820)
"The figures are important for the movement to gain strength and become a serious challenge or threat to the elites or occupiers who have stayed in power," Chenoweth said.
Unfortunately, neither in David Robson's article, nor - judging by the table of contents - in the book, the Portuguese "Revolution of carnations" is (not) mentioned.
"On Tagus River Embankment the armored column of the captain ... from Santaren collides with the column of the tanks strengthened by artillery which moves to Terreyru-du-Pasu where government agencies are located... The crowd with carnations blocks it [the column of the tanks] a way and stops tanks. Tankmen refuse to execute the order of the general ... to open fire at crowd and a column of insurgents. The captain ... shouts in the megaphone: "We excited a rebellion to finish war in colonies, to overthrow fascism!". Tank crews join the rebels..."
"The people came out on streets, soldiers are treated with milk, cigarettes and food. The slogans which are cried out on streets, "United people is invincible", ... mark the end of the longest fascist dictatorship in Europe."
"By the end of 1975 all colonies of Portugal gained independence".
"The entire period of 1975 - 1976 the Portugal was overflowed a flow of repatriates immigrants-"retornados" [a returned], who were leaving these countries [the former Portuguese colonies]. The numbers are incomparably smaller, but the Portuguese also returned from Guinea-Bissau, Cape Verde, Sao Tome and Principe and East Timor. The total number of "retornados" is estimated at 500-600 thousand people" (Wikipedia).
Today the population of Portugal if to trust Wikipedia, about 10 million people.
Repatriates - "retornados", probably were about 5-6 percent from the general population of Portugal (and, maybe, and more).
Sergei Sergeyevich felt how processes of knowledge and the analysis of history are not simple.
It's kind of a challenge.
"I will answer it with verses!"
"The forests burn,
And bikers are flying,
Italy and the USA the help in suppression of wildfires to Russia are offering...".
"Let they remember of Gogol and Dostoevsky!"
On August 11, 2019 18:18
Translation from Russian into English: August 11, 2019 19:10.
Владимир Владимирович Залесский 'Супер-краткая Рецензия на статью (и книгу) о ненасильственных протестах и Эссе о поэтическом вдохновении'.