Аннотация: The original historical concept by Vladimir Zalessky "East-Republican space project and the Russial (Soviet) intelligentsia".
The original historical concept by Vladimir Zalessky "East-Republican Space Project and the Russial (Soviet) intelligentsia".
A) Preliminary theses (assertions):
(a) from about 1795 to the present in Russial (Soviet) and world historical science, the tradition of "History" (1816-26) by Nikolay Karamzin exist - not to notice the influence of the partition (1795) of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth on Russia and on the USSR;
(b) since about 1957, it has been customary - in continuation of the same tradition - to call the East-Republican Space Project "Soviet".
B) Scientific novelty of the stated concept:
On the basis of historical material, the groundlessness of the historiographic traditions of Karamzin's "History" is shown:
(a) A creation of image of mainly and essentially hostile interactions of Russia, on the one hand, and the Commonwealth, Poland, the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, on the other hand,
(b) attempts to remove (to supplant) the East-Republican intelligentsia and its key figures from (outside, off) the world and Russial historical scene,
(c) a misrepresentation of the driving forces, cultural, historical sources of the East-Republican Space Project.
1. A basic provisions:
1.1. Of decisive importance for the formation of the Russial (Soviet) intelligentsia were
(a) the partition of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth (1795), a mass deprivation of nobility (szlachta) of a real estate,
(b) the transition of the East-Republican nobility (szlachta) to the position of hired workers employed in the Russian Empire mainly in mental creative work.
1.2. Gleb Krzhizhanovsky played a huge role in the creation of the Soviet intelligentsia (except for him - Krupskaya, Dzerzhinsky, Bonch-Bruevich, Lunacharsky and others).
1.3. The Space Project played a central role in the development of Soviet science.
1.4. The Space Project, traditionally called "Soviet", is in fact an East-Republican Space Project.
1.5. The East-Republican Space Project is based on the cultural and intellectual Copernican tradition (the Newtonian tradition interacts with the Copernican tradition. The question of the Leonardian tradition (the tradition of Leonardo da Vinci) deserves the most careful consideration).
2. A key dates.
2.1. 1364 (the year of establishment of the University of Krakow) is taken as a conditional year when the East-Republican intelligentsia was created,
2.2. 1682 (the year the future Peter the Great received the title of tsar) is taken as a conditional year when the imperial (noble) Russian intelligentsia was created,
2.3. 1795 (the partition of the Commonwealth) - the transition of part of szlachta and part of the east-republican intelligentsia to the position of hired workers in the Russian Empire, engaged mainly in mental and creative work.
2.4. 1899 - Konstantin Tsiolkovsky received 470 rubles from the Russian Academy of Sciences for space research (according the book by Arlazorov M.).
2.5. (the date is not paramount, but worth mentioning in connection with the receipt of the Nobel Prize by Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn) 1915 - the evacuation of Warsaw University to the city of Rostov-on-Don.
2.6. 1929 - Gleb Krzhizhanovsky makes a report on the 1st five-year plan, becomes vice-president of the USSR Academy of Sciences,
2.7. Alexander Vasilevsky was appointed to the post of Minister of War (since 1942 he has headed the General Staff and appointed Deputy People's Commissar of Defense of the USSR), 1944 - Sergei Korolev is released from prison and begins to actively work on missile issues,
2.8. 1957 - Launch of the first artificial Earth satellite. 1961 - the launch of a manned spacecraft,
2.9. 1964 - date of death of Sergei Korolev,
2.10. November 15, 1988 - the launch of the spacecraft "Buran" (Baklanov),
2.11. 2001 - the flooding of the MIR space station,
2.12. 2020 - the beginning of the practical application of the Crew Dragon spacecraft for the delivery of cargo and crews to the ISS.
2.13. 2021 - The official idea of Russia's withdrawal from the project (program) of the International Space Station; at the same time was announced the possible creation of an independent Russial space station around the beginning of the 30s of the 21st century (that is, after about 10 years),
2.14. 2021 - the main component of the Chinese space station is launched into orbit - the main module "Tianhe" ("Milky Way") of the Chinese orbital station "Tiangong" ("Celestial Palace"). (April 29, 2021 06:23 Moscow time - launch time from the Wenchang Spacecraft Launch Site).
3. A periodization.
1795 - 1917 - the East-Republican intelligentsia becomes the basis of the technical intelligentsia in the Russian Empire,
1885 - 1935 - the energetic scientific activity of Konstantin Tsiolkovsky,
1917 - 1924 - representatives of the East-Republican intelligentsia are approaching important levers of state power,
1924 - 1941 - the formation of the Soviet scientific intelligentsia and the system of Soviet scientific institutions, an increase in the educational and cultural level of the entire population (Krzhizhanovsky, Krupskaya, Dzerzhinsky, Bonch-Bruyevich, Lunacharsky and others),
1944 - 1961 - 1964 - the implementation of the East-Republican Space Project under the leadership of Sergei Korolev and with the general support of Alexander Vasilevsky (at the head of the Ministry of Defense),
1964 - 1991 - the gradual loss by the Soviet intelligentsia of the creative potential,
1991 - 2000 - creating conditions for the slow departure of the Russial (Soviet) intelligentsia from the public scene,
2000 - 2021 -... years - active economic and other pressure on the Russial (Soviet) intelligentsia. (destruction of creative markets, the emergence of more and more reasons for the liberation of the intelligentsia from the real estate and from the other property, etc.).
Summation: The East-Republican intelligentsia in the period from 1795 to 1961 (1988) carried out a civilization project of a world importance - the East-Republican Space Project. The implementation of this project was accompanied by the creation of a developed economy of a new type, as well as the emergence in Russia (USSR) of highly educated, cultural groups of the population, technical intelligentsia, as well as other types of intelligentsia.
Vladimir Zalessky
April 29, 2021 10:06 (Rostov-on-Don)
Translation from Russian into English: April 29, 2021 20:10.
Владимир Владимирович Залесский 'Оригинальная историческая концепция В.В. Залесского 'Восточно-республиканский космический проект и российская (советская) интеллигенция''.